Contents
The problem with dietary fats is not their lack but rather their excess, which is harmful even where vegetable fats are concerned. The following chart will list a variety of foods high in fat content.
Chemical composition of fat: the fats in all foods are composed primarily of triglycerides, a type of simple lipid composed of glycerin and fatty acids. The quality and properties of fats depend on the type of fatty acids they contain.
FAT SOURCES:
Plant-based foods, in their natural state, generally contain little fat, except for oil-bearing nuts. Vegetable fats have several advantages over animal fats:
Animal-based foods and products are all high in fats, except nonfat milk and dairy products, lean fish, and very lean meat. There are various drawbacks:
The function of fat: Fats act as a reserve energy source. They transport and facilitate the absorption of liposoluble vitamins in the intestine, such as A, D, E, and K.
Fat deficiency symptoms: The body can produce fats from carbohydrates and proteins; therefore, the lack of dietary fats is of little concern. The only fatty acids that cannot be synthesized within the body and must be supplied through the diet are linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids, all abundant in nuts.
Consequences of excess fat: obesity, raised cholesterol levels. Excess fat in the diet is harmful, mainly when it is of animal origin.
The loss of fats during the processing of foods: degraded during frying.
Chemical composition: Saturated fats are formed by triglycerides whose fatty acids are saturated. These are so named because all of their carbon atoms have their full complement of hydrogen atoms.
SOURCES:
Plant-based foods are low in saturated fats, with some exceptions, such as coconut and palm oils. These contain a particular type of medium-chain fatty acids (eight to twelve carbon atoms) that do not increase blood cholesterol levels.
Animal-based foods and products: These contain a great deal of saturated fat, particularly cured cheeses, sausages, and bacon.
FUNCTION:
Saturated fat is a reserved energy source. These fats are dense at room temperature and tend to be deposited within body tissues, particularly:
Deficiency symptoms: None. The body does not need saturated fat. The less taken in, the better.
Consequences of too much saturated fat: Obesity, raised cholesterol levels, arteriosclerosis, and a variety of cancers. Saturated fats, particularly those of animal origin, are harmful to health.
Loss during the processing of foods: degraded during frying.
Saturated fats predominate in animal-based foods, while unsaturated fats come mainly from vegetables. Saturated fats increase the production of cholesterol in the body, while unsaturated fats lower it.
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